Ein Feuer wurde unter ihm angezündet, und als er heiß war, wurde kaltes Wasser über ihn gegossen, sodass er zerbrach. Confirm this request. In addition, the authors are particularly grateful to the American Center of Oriental Research and the Albright Institute of Archaeological Research for facilitating the use of their libraries and residential facilities for the early portions of our research, collation, and photography of these inscriptions. Launched Shavuot 5773 / 2013 | Copyright © Project TABS, All Rights Reserved. Dion and Daviau proposed a date of ca. 17), Wiesbaden 1989, l. -353- Attitudes in the Old Testament towards Moab and Moa- bites range from the assertion of the Moabite ancestry of the Davidic royal line, found in the Book of Ruth, to the Elimelech und Noomi flohen dorthin vor der Hungersnot, und David vertraute ihrem König seinen Vater und seine Mutter an, als Saul ihn verfolgte. script type="text/javascript"> High resolution laser quality maps. Die Beziehungen Israels zu den Moabitern waren unterschiedlich. [12] Paul E. Dion, and Michelle Daviau, “An Inscribed Incense Altar of Iron Age II at Ḫirbet el-Mudeyine (Jordan),” ZDPV 116 (2000): 1-13. Die nördliche Grenze am Wadi Mudschib wurde mehrmals durch Eroberungen überschritten und umfasste dann u. Prof. Christopher A. Rollston is Associate Professor of Northwest Semitic languages and literatures in the Department of Classical and Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at George Washington University. Inscription B consists of four difficult lines of text which appear to refer to: The cluster of these possible readings suggests that the inscription may be commemorative/dedicatory in nature and might actually evoke events related to the Moabite conquest of the city. משע.... מלך. Die zahlreichen noch vorhandenen Ruinen im Land der Moabiter zeigen, dass es einmal stark besiedelt war. For other confluences and polemics between them, see David Ben-Gad HaCohen, “War at Yahatz: The Torah Versus the Mesha Stele,” TheTorah (2015); Israel Finkelstein and Thomas Römer, “North Israelite Memories of the Transjordan and the Mesha Inscription,” TheTorah (2018). Das Alte Testament vermittelt von Moab meist ein negatives, zuweilen aber auch ein positives Bild, was wohl von einer entsprechenden Kontroverse in Israel zeugt. A Harmony of the Life of Jesus - Four gospel accounts in harmony. Auch baute er weitere Städte, deren Namen er angibt. This covenant was renewed on the plains of Moab (Deuteronomy 29:1). [9] The language of this inscription is Moabite, and its script can be dated paleographically to the late 9th or early 8th centuries B.C.E. The inscribed altar bears seven lines of text, representing two separate inscriptions: one (A) of three lines, and a second (B) of four lines, at perpendicular orientation to the other. Chr 18,2). It further describes how he resettled those areas and commenced various royal building projects, implying that Israel was no longer a factor at all, and that Mesha’s victory was decisive and long-lasting. And yet, the accounts are quite different from each other in tone and implication. Während der Regierung Ahabs wurden sie wieder tributpflichtig, aber nach seinem Tod schüttelten sie ihr Joch ab. The Bible describes how the coalition of Israelite, Judahite, and Edomite armies destroyed all other cities except the Moabite capital, implying that Moab was greatly weakened though not destroyed. Siegesstele. Jens Kamlah (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2012), 203–221; Chang-Ho Ji, “Khirbat Ê¿Ataruz: An interim Overview of the 10 Years of Archaeological Architectural findings,” Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 55 (2011): 561–579. Das Reich lag östlich des Toten Meeres südlich von Ammon (Grenze Wadi el-Mudschib = Tal des Arnon) und nördlich von Edom (Grenze Wadi el-Hesa) im heutigen Jordanien. We rely on the support of readers like you. 7; quoted by S. Timm, Moab zwischen den Mächten. Grayson's edition of the Sargon Geography in The and confirms its association with a people group named Gad and the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Mẹsa, -- Moab, König, -- ca. Worschech, U.F. You may have already requested this item. bis zum 4. ), ed. The Hebrew word translated "to declare" is found elsewhere in the Old Testament only in Dt 27:8 and in Hab 2:2, and signifies "to make plain." The Hebrew Bible is a book that was primarily written by men, for men, and about men, and thus the biblical text is not particularly forthcoming when it comes to the lives and experiences of women. The inscription provides important new details about the Moabite language, supplying a number of words and grammatical features attested in Moabite for the first time. Könige 3,5 wird gesagt, dass sich der König von Moab nach dem Tod Ahabs gegen den König von Israel auflehnte. 1. Dies ist auch sein heutiger Zustand. Sam 8,2; 1. Moab = Nachkommenschaft des Vaters. Oops! Bileam wurde von Gott gezwungen, sie zu segnen statt zu verfluchen, aber er gab Balak den verhängnisvollen Rat, das Volk durch verführerische Verbindungen zu schwächen zu versuchen (was zur Folge hätte, das sie unter die Zucht des Herrn fallen würden). Transmission, Reception and Text Production. Sohn von Lot und seiner ältesten Tochter; die Bezeichnung seiner Nachkommen und des Landes, welches sie bewohnten (1. at Dhiban, Jordan.[3]. In Verbindung mit Moab sei noch auf den moabitischen Stein hingewiesen. Successive World Kingdoms: Persia, Babylon, Assyria 640-500 BC. Among all these fascinating details, of most importance for this discussion are the events narrated in lines 10–14: To be sure, this epigraphic witness does not relate directly to the events described in Numbers 32, nor does it say anything about their specific correlation with historical reality, but it does put Ataroth “on the map” by the 9th century B.C.E. Mo 19,37 ). This changed, however, with the discovery of the Mesha Stele, a monumental inscription of the Moabite king Mesha from the 9th century B.C.E. Near destitute, Naomi returns to Bethlehem with one daughter-in-law, Ruth, whom she could not dissuade from accompanying her. ed., Harper Torchbook, 1963) BWANT Beiträge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament … [14] This noun also has cognates in the Hebrew קִרְיָה, Phoenician qrt (reflected in the name of the city Carthage), and several Aramaic forms of the same noun. Ahasja folgte Ahab auf den Thron, aber er war es nicht, der Moab angriff. Bedeutung des Namens. Mesha also boasts of his public works, including building activities at many locations within Moab that he acknowledges were previously built up by the Israelite King Omri. Als die Araber entdeckten, dass zwei oder drei Länder Interesse am Besitz dieses Steines zeigten, dachten sie, sie würden mehr Geld bekommen, wenn sie ihn in Stücke zerbrachen. 1990. A. Madaba, Dhiban und die Festung Aroer. Etwa zwei Drittel dieser Stücke konnten gerettet werden und sind nun im Museum des Louvre in Paris ausgestellt. [1] It would have remained little more than an obscure biblical toponym (place name) were it not for two modern archaeological discoveries that have made it a showcase example of the connection of biblical narrative to archaeological and epigraphic data.[2]. Lost Laughs - Ancient Humor. and Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University's Department of Near Eastern Studies and is the editor of Maarav and co-editor of BASOR (Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research). He holds an M.A. Bible Maps. Als die Israeliten in das verheißene Land einzogen, wurden sie angewiesen, sich nicht mit Moab auf einen Kampf einzulassen, noch es zu befeinden (5. Es war ein Stein mit den Maßen 117 cm x 61 cm, und er enthielt eine Inschrift von 34 Zeilen in phönizischen Schriftzeichen. (5) The Author's Evident Attempt to Identify the New Generation in Moab with the Patriarchs. 6. Die Moabiter aber wurden mit Schrecken erfüllt, als sie hörten, dass die Amoriter geschlagen worden waren, und Balak, ihr König, gewann Bileam dafür, Israel zu verfluchen. v850. In 2000, Prof. Chang-Ho Ji of La Sierra University began excavation of the site, uncovering remarkable finds, including cultic architecture of multiple phases and many religious artifacts.[8]. Moab wird in den Propheten verurteilt, da es das Volk Gottes geschmäht hatte. Er gesteht ein, dass Kamos ärgerlich über sein Land war, und dass Omri, der König von Israel, es einnahm, was eine Zeit der Unterdrückung von 40 Jahren durch Omri und seinen Sohn zur Folge hatte. [6] The meaning of this compound term, likely referring to a cultic object, has been much debated and remains uncertain. Die Moabiter waren von den Amoritern vor der Ankunft der Israeliten südwärts vertrieben worden (4. ... Lehrstuhl für Altes Testament. Zur Zeit Josaphats griffen die Kinder Moab und Ammon und die vom Gebirge Seir Juda an, aber Gott machte den Kampf zu seinem eigenen und bewirkte, dass sie sich gegenseitig bekämpften (2. Ataroth and the Inscribed Altar: Who Won the War Between Moab and Israel? The research in this article has been generously supported by Johns Hopkins University, George Washington University, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. Sie konnten sich in einem gewissen Umfang befreien, wurden aber durch Nebukadnezar wieder unterworfen (Jer 27,1-11). The term “ataroth” also appears as part of a toponym, such as Ataroth Shofan in the Transjordan (Num 32:35), Ataroth Adar in the territory of Ephraim (Josh 16:5, 18:13), and Ataroth Beth-Joab in Judah (1 Chron 2:54). Chr 20,1-23). Über Moab selbst wird nichts Näheres berichtet. Mo 21,11-30). Zeret-Shahar on the Hill in the Valley—The Discovery of a New Moabite Site in Jordan,” Proceedings of the First International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East 1998 Rome: 1777–1884. Please consider supporting TheTorah.com. Notably, this conquest of Israelite territory by the Moabites is something the biblical picture of Mesha’s rebellion conceals in its version of the story. [7] Editor’s note: For more discussions of the confluence and polemics between the Mesha inscription and the Bible regarding the tribe of Gad, see Aaron Koller, “The Tribe of Gad and the Mesha Stele,” TheTorah (2013); Yigal Levin, “Dibon-Gad: Between the Torah and the Mesha Stele,” TheTorah (2019). Both references to the city in the Torah appear in Numbers 32, as part of the territory that the tribes of Gad and Reuben settle. Mill. Moab. The research findings are published in the newly founded archaeological magazine „Beiträge zur Erforschung der antiken Ard el-Kerak (Moab)“. Deuteronomy 4:43 - [Namely], Bezer in the wilderness, in the plain country, of the Reubenites; and Ramoth in Gilead, of the Gadites; and Golan in Bashan, of the Manassites. First, the very existence of a Moabite Temple with an inscription on an altar in the Moabite language and in the Moabite script, the Ataruz Inscribed Altar, corroborates Mesha’s statement that he conquered the city of Ataroth and resettled it. Its contents have been difficult to decipher, as it uses hieratic numerals (a numbering system originating in Egypt), abbreviations, and some idiosyncratic letter forms, but some tentative conclusions have been reached in our publication of the inscription.[13]. In fact, on one level, it correlates remarkably with the biblical account, which mentions the rebellion of Moab against the Omrides and names Mesha specifically: The story continues with the Israelite response to this rebellion, in which King Jehoram of Israel, King Jehoshaphat of Judah, and the (unnamed) king of Edom march together against Moab. Seine Nachkommen lebten östlich des Toten Meeres. Aber sie wurden von Israel, Juda und Edom mit vereinten Kräften vollständig unterworfen. Moab — ist eine Landschaft in Palästina östlich des Jordans und ein antiker Kleinstaat in dieser Region, siehe Moab (Staat) die Abkürzung für eine amerikanische Bombe, siehe GBU 43/B Massive Ordnance Air Blast Moab (Altes Testament), Person im Alten… … Deutsch Wikipedia Its first appearance is among the cities Gad and Reuben list, when they ask Moses for permission to settle in the region, due to its suitability for raising cattle: The Gadites and Reubenites request this area as their lot, and after some back and forth, Moses grants the request on the condition that the men of Gad and Reuben first participate in the conquest of Canaan with the other tribes. 57, 61, 62 Y3 city of refuge, Deut. Kön 3,4). Rollston is the editor of Enemies and Friends of the State: Ancient Prophecy in Context and the author of Writing and Literacy in the World of Ancient Israel: Epigraphic Evidence from the Iron Age as well as many academic articles such as “Scribal Curriculum during the First Temple Period: Epigraphic Hebrew and Biblical Evidence.” He is an expert in ancient epigraphy and blogs about new finds and current debates on www.rollstonepigraphy.com. Dann erbarmte sich Kamos ihrer, und dem König war es möglich, einige der Städte zu retten, die Menschen zu töten und von der Beute zu nehmen. [10] One could thus contend that after the hegemony of the Omrides of Israel concluded, a fledgling, distinctive Moabite national script soon developed.[11]. Mo 2,9), also zogen sie östlich ihres Gebietes an ihnen vorbei. While it is likely that the narrative has been given some “spin” on both sides, the evidence from Khirbat Ataruz lends further support to the validity of Mesha’s claim to have conquered, held, and resettled the city of Ataroth. [9] Chang-Ho Ji, “A Moabite Sanctuary at Khirbat Ataruz, Jordan: Stratigraphy, Findings, and Archaeological Implications,” Levant 50 (2018): 173–210; Adam L. Bean, Christopher A. Rollston, P. Kyle McCarter, and Stefan J. Wimmer, “An Inscribed Altar from the Khirbat Ataruz Moabite Sanctuary,” Levant 50 (2018): 211–236. The divisions of the tribes of Israel. 17-19. On one hand, this story does not contradict Mesha’s description exactly. Studien his- torischen Denkmiilern und Texten (Ägypten und Altes Testament, Bd. Als der Stamm Ruben sein Erbteil erhielt, bildete der Fluß Arnon die südliche Grenze seines Landes und gleichzeitig die nördliche Grenze Moabs. Is it a divine wrath from the Israelite god YHWH, or the Moabite god, Kemosh? 800 BCE. 21. Ortsname. Januar 1970 , ed. Mesa-Inschrift. [1] A city (or cities) named Ataroth appears in the description of the borders of the territory of Ephraim (Josh 16:2, 7). Avenue de l'Europe 20. Did not include civil war stuff—David and Saul . und Altes Testament: Festschrift fü r Kurt Galling zum 8. Aus Verzweiflung opferte der König von Moab seinen ältesten Sohn (2. dubsar 9 . Quelle: Kleine Namenskonkordanz.